Diamonds Erupt from Earth’s Crust After Massive Explosion

Scientists have discovered that massive geological events can send “fountains of diamonds” shooting up from deep within the Earth’s crust. This explosive phenomenon occurs when supercontinents break apart, creating conditions that propel diamonds to the surface in dramatic eruptions.

These eruptions, known as kimberlite eruptions, are powerful and incredibly fast, capable of launching these precious gems at speeds of up to 83 miles per hour (133 kilometers per hour​).

The Mechanics behind the Magic

So, how exactly does this natural marvel happen? The process begins deep below our feet, where diamonds form around 62 miles (150 kilometers) underground.

When tectonic plates start to pull apart, it creates a chain reaction of geological instability. This causes the upper mantle and lower crust to mix, forming a volatile combination of rock, water, and carbon dioxide. This mixture, along with key kimberlite minerals, including diamonds, is driven upwards, much like a shaken bottle of champagne ready to burst​.^(ref)​​

These eruptions typically peak around 22 to 30 million years after the initial breakup of a supercontinent. For instance, significant kimberlite activity occurred approximately 25 million years after Gondwana began to rift apart, affecting areas that are now part of Africa and South America​​.

The pattern of kimberlite eruptions suggests a delayed reaction to the initial tectonic activity, with eruptions often starting near the rift zones and gradually moving towards the continental interiors​.^(ref)​

Earth’s Hidden Treasures

Beyond the spectacle of diamonds erupting to the surface, these events provide valuable insights into Earth’s geological history. The study of kimberlite eruptions reveals patterns that help geologists understand the breakup and formation of supercontinents over hundreds of millions of years.

The diamonds themselves, with their ancient inclusions, offer a glimpse into the deep Earth’s composition and the processes that occur far below the surface.

Researchers are optimistic that these findings could aid in the search for new diamond deposits, as understanding the conditions that trigger these eruptions might lead to discoveries in previously unexplored regions.

The process involves a complex interaction of geological forces, including the thinning of the continental crust and the subsequent rise and fall of hot mantle material, which creates localized circulation patterns that drive kimberlite magmas to the surface.

Moreover, these diamond eruptions shed light on the cyclical nature of Earth’s geological processes. They highlight how the breakup of continents not only reorganizes the mantle but also impacts Earth’s surface environment and climate. This understanding could be crucial for future mineral exploration and provides a fascinating glimpse into the dynamic nature of our planet.

Read Next

Did you know that the only diamond-producing site in the world open to the public is right here in the USA?¹ 

The country boasts an array of geological wonders ripe for discovery. Whether you’re a seasoned rockhound or a curious newbie, grab your shovel and sense of adventure across the country’s top gemstone hotspots.

• Don’t Miss: 20 Gemstone Hotspots in America Where You Can Dig Up Your Own Precious Stones & Jewels